What Was The Primary Reason Maryland Was Founded?
There are three main factors that brought settlers to the colony of Maryland. The first factor that brought settlers to Maryland was for religious freedom. The second factor was for profit from business. The third reason that helped to populate the colony was forced migration.
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What was the main reason Maryland founded?
The first colonists to Maryland arrive at St. Clement’s Island on Maryland’s western shore and found the settlement of St. Mary’s. In 1632, King Charles I of England granted a charter to George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore, yielding him proprietary rights to a region east of the Potomac River in exchange for a share of the income derived from the land.
The territory was named Maryland in honor of Henrietta Maria, the queen consort of Charles I. Before settlement began, George Calvert died and was succeeded by his son Cecilius, who sought to establish Maryland as a haven for Roman Catholics persecuted in England. In March 1634, the first English settlers–a carefully selected group of Catholics and Protestants–arrived at St.
Clement’s Island aboard the Ark and the Dove, Religious conflict was strong in ensuing years as the American Puritans, growing more numerous in Maryland and supported by Puritans in England, set out to revoke the religious freedoms guaranteed in the founding of the colony.
In 1649, Maryland Governor William Stone responded by passing an act ensuring religious liberty and justice to all who believed in Jesus Christ. In 1654, however, the so-called Toleration Act was repealed after Puritans seized control of the colony, leading to a brief civil war that ended with Lord Baltimore losing control of propriety rights over Maryland in March 1655.
Although the Calverts later regained control of Maryland, anti-Catholic activity persisted until the 19th century, when many Catholic immigrants to America chose Baltimore as their home and helped enact laws to protect their free practice of religion.
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When was Maryland founded and why?
Pre-Colonial History – George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, applied to Charles I for a royal charter for what was to become the Province of Maryland. After Calvert died in April 1632, the charter for “Maryland Colony” was granted to his son, Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, on June 20, 1632.
The colony was named in honor of Queen Henrietta Maria, the wife of King Charles I. Led by Leonard Calvert, Cecil Calvert’s younger brother, the first settlers departed from Cowes, on the Isle of Wight, on November 22, 1633 aboard two small ships, the Ark and the Dove. Their landing on March 25, 1634 at St.
Clement’s Island in southern Maryland, is commemorated by the state each year on that date as Maryland Day. This was the site of the first Catholic mass in the Colonies, with Father Andrew White leading the service. The first group of colonists consisted of 17 gentlemen and their wives, and about two hundred others, mostly indentured servants who could work off their passage.
- After purchasing land from the Yaocomico Indians and establishing the town of St.
- Mary’s, Leonard, per his brother’s instructions, attempted to govern the country under feudalistic precepts.
- Meeting resistance, in February 1635, he summoned a colonial assembly.
- In 1638, the Assembly forced him to govern according to the laws of England.
The right to initiate legislation passed to the assembly. In 1638, Calvert seized a trading post in Kent Island established by the Virginian William Claiborne. In 1644, Claiborne led an uprising of Maryland Protestants. Calvert was forced to flee to Virginia, but he returned at the head of an armed force in 1646 and reasserted proprietarial rule.
- Maryland soon became one of the few predominantly Catholic regions among the English colonies in North America.
- Maryland was also one of the key destinations where the government sent tens of thousands of English convicts punished by sentences of transportation.
- Such punishment persisted until the Revolutionary War.
The founders designed the city plan of the colonial capital, St. Mary’s City, to reflect their world view. At the center of the city was the home of the mayor of St. Mary’s City. From that point, streets were laid out that created two triangles. Located at two points of the triangle extending to the west were the first Maryland state house and a jail.
- Extending to the north of the mayor’s home, the remaining two points of the second triangle were defined by a Catholic church and a school.
- The design of the city was a literal separation of church and state that reinforced the importance of religious freedom.
- The largest site of the original Maryland colony, St.
Mary’s City was the seat of colonial government until 1708. Because Anglicanism had become the official religion in Virginia, a band of Puritans in 1642 left for Maryland; they founded Providence (now called Annapolis). In 1650, the Puritans revolted against the proprietary government. They set up a new government prohibiting both Catholicism and Anglicanism.
In March 1655, the 2nd Lord Baltimore sent an army under Governor William Stone to put down this revolt. Near Annapolis, his Roman Catholic army was decisively defeated by a Puritan army in the Battle of the Severn. The Puritan revolt lasted until 1658, when the Calvert family regained control and re-enacted the Toleration Act.
The Puritan revolutionary government persecuted Maryland Catholics during its reign. Mobs burned down all the original Catholic churches of southern Maryland. In 1708, the seat of government was moved to Providence, renamed Annapolis in honor of Queen Anne.
- St. Mary’s City is now an archaeological site, with a small tourist center.
- Just as the city plan for St.
- Mary’s City reflected the ideals of the founders, the city plan of Annapolis reflected those in power at the turn of the 18th century.
- The plan of Annapolis extends from two circles at the center of the city – one including the State House and the other the Anglican St.
Anne’s Church (now Episcopal). The plan reflected a stronger relationship between church and state, and a colonial government more closely aligned with the Protestant church. Tobacco was the main export crop in the colonial era; it involved a great deal of hand labor, usually done by slaves, the original royal charter granted Maryland the Potomac River and territory northward to the fortieth parallel. This was found to be a problem, as the northern boundary would have put Philadelphia, the major city in Pennsylvania, within Maryland.
The Calvert family, which controlled Maryland, and the Penn family, which controlled Pennsylvania, decided in 1750 to engage two surveyors, Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon, to establish a boundary. They surveyed what became known as the Mason–Dixon Line, which became the boundary between the two colonies.
The crests of the Penn family and of the Calvert family were put at the Mason–Dixon line to mark it. Later the Mason–Dixon line was used as a boundary between free and slave states under the Missouri Compromise of 1820.
Why was Maryland so important?
Border States – Brothers at War – >> What were the border states? The border states during the Civil War were the slave states that didn’t leave the Union. These states included Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri. West Virginia, which separated from Virginia during the war, was also considered a border state. Border States by Ducksters
Kentucky – President Abraham Lincoln considered Kentucky’s loyalty to the Union as an important factor in the Union winning the Civil War. Kentucky began the war as a neutral state, but later came under Union control. Maryland – Maryland was also very important for the Union. The land of Maryland was the only thing standing between Virginia and the Union capital at Washington D.C. The war would have gone very differently had Maryland seceded from the Union. Maryland voted to abolish slavery during the war in 1864. Missouri – At the start of the war Missouri decided to remain with the Union and not secede, but many people in the state felt that the war against the Confederacy was wrong. As the war progressed, the Missouri state government split into two rival governments. One of the state governments voted to secede from the Union while the other wanted to stay. As a result, the state was claimed by both the Union and the Confederacy for a period of time. Delaware – Although Delaware was a slave state, few people in the state were enslavers at the outbreak of the war. The state didn’t actually border any Confederate states and was always loyal to the Union. West Virginia – When the state of Virginia seceded from the Union, West Virginia broke away and formed its own state. It remained loyal to the Union, however, the people of West Virginia were split. Around 20,000 West Virginia men fought on the side of the Confederacy.
Other Border States Other states that are sometimes considered border states include Tennessee, Oklahoma, and Kansas. All of these states had strong support for both the Confederacy and the Union.
Why were they important? Did everyone support the Union? Slavery and Emancipation Did brothers really fight brothers? Interesting Facts about the Border States During the Civil War
Keeping control of the border states played an important role in the victory for the Union. These states gave the Union the advantage in troops, factories, and money. Not everyone in the border states supported the Union. In some cases, like Missouri and West Virginia, the support for each side was fairly evenly split.
- Thousands of soldiers from the border states headed south and joined the Confederate Army.
- There were also politicians in these states who fought hard for secession.
- Even if they didn’t want secession, many of the people of the border states thought the war against the Confederacy was wrong.
- They felt that the states should be able to leave the country if they wanted.
The border states were the primary reason that President Lincoln waited so long to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. Abolitionists in the North were demanding that he free the enslaved. However, Lincoln knew he needed to win the war. He was stuck between wanting to free the enslaved and needing the border states to win the war.
Abraham Lincoln once said that “I hope to have God on my side, but I must have Kentucky.” Brothers James and William Terrill each became brigadier generals, William for the North and James for the South. Although Tennessee seceded, it came under Union control in 1862. Missouri and Kansas became the home of small raids and guerrilla warfare. The worst of these raids was the Lawrence massacre where a small band of Confederates killed around 160 civilians in Lawrence, Kansas.
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Why does Maryland exist?
Maryland U.S. state This article is about the U.S. state. For other uses, see, State in the United States Maryland State of Maryland : “”, “Free State”, “Little America”, “America in Miniature” :
- (English: “Strong Deeds, Gentle Words”)
- The Latin text encircling the seal: Scuto bonæ voluntatis tuæ coronasti nos (“With Favor Wilt Thou Compass Us as with a Shield”) Psalm 5:12
None (“” repealed in 2021) Map of the United States with Maryland highlighted CountryUnited StatesBefore statehoodApril 28, 1788 (7th) and areas
- (combined)
- (metro and urban)
Government • () • (R) • •
- ()
- (D)
- 7 Democrats
- 1 Republican
()Area • Total12,407 sq mi (32,133 km 2 ) • Land9,776 sq mi (25,314 km 2 ) • Water2,633 sq mi (6,819 km 2 ) 21% • RankDimensions • Length250 mi (400 km) • Width100 mi (200 km)Elevation 350 ft (110 m)Highest elevation ( ) 3,360 ft (1,024 m)Lowest elevation ( ) 0 ft (0 m)Population ( ) • Total6,177,224 • Rank • Density632/sq mi (244/km 2 ) • Rank • $87,063 • Income rank MarylanderLanguage • None (English, de facto ) () • Summer () () MD Md.Latitude37° 53′ N to 39° 43′ NLongitude75° 03′ W to 79° 29′ WWebsite Living insigniaInanimate insignia None. Formerly: “Maryland, My Maryland” by (1861), (adopted 1939, repealed 2021)
Released in 2000 Maryland ( : ( ) ) is a in the region of the United States. It shares borders with,, and the to its south and west; to its north; and and the to its east. is the largest city in the state, and the capital is, Among its occasional nicknames are, the Free State, and the State,
It is named after, the French-born queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, who was known then in England as Mary. Before its coastline was explored by Europeans in the 16th century, Maryland was inhabited by several groups of Native Americans – mostly by and, to a lesser degree, and, As one of the original of England, Maryland was founded by, 1st Baron Baltimore, a convert who sought to provide a religious haven for Catholics persecuted in England.
In 1632, granted Lord Baltimore a, naming the colony after his wife, Henrietta Maria. Unlike the and, who rejected Catholicism in their settlements, Lord Baltimore envisioned a colony where people of different religious sects would coexist under the principle of,
- Accordingly, in 1649 the Maryland General Assembly passed an, which enshrined this principle by penalizing anyone who “reproached” a fellow Marylander based on religious affiliation.
- Nevertheless, religious strife was common in the early years, and Catholics remained a minority, albeit in greater numbers than in any other English colony.
Maryland’s early settlements and population centers clustered around rivers and other waterways that empty into the Chesapeake Bay. Its economy was heavily and centered mostly on the cultivation of tobacco. Demand for cheap labor from Maryland colonists led to the importation of numerous and,
- In 1760, Maryland’s current boundaries took form following the of a long-running border dispute with Pennsylvania.
- Maryland was an active participant in the events leading up to the, and by 1776, its delegates signed the,
- Many of its citizens subsequently played,
- In 1790, the state ceded land for the establishment of the U.S.
capital of Although then a, Maryland during the, its strategic location giving it, After the Civil War, Maryland took part in the, driven by its seaports, railroad networks, and mass immigration from Europe. Since the 1940s, the state’s population has grown rapidly, to approximately six million residents, and it is among the most densely populated U.S.
states. As of 2015, Maryland had the of any state, owing in large part to its proximity to Washington, D.C., and a highly diversified economy spanning manufacturing, retail services, public administration, real estate, higher education, information technology, defense contracting, health care, and biotechnology.
The state’s central role in U.S. history is reflected by its hosting of some of the per capita. Sixteen of Maryland’s twenty-three counties, as well as the city of Baltimore, border the tidal waters of the and its many tributaries, which combined total more than 4,000 miles of shoreline.
Why did Maryland a colony founded as a safe haven?
Maryland Day
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| Annapolis, home of the Naval Academy |
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Maryland Day
Why did the settlers choose Maryland?
Immigrants came to Maryland for three main reasons: religious freedom, economic opportunity and involuntary servitude as a result of forced migration. to practice their religion without social and economic repercussions. The first colonists arrived in Maryland in 1634 on two ships named the Arc and the Dove.
Who founded Maryland and what was the significance of its name?
NAME – Maryland’s name honors Queen Henrietta Maria (1609-1669), wife of Charles I (1600-1649), King of Great Britain and Ireland, who signed the 1632 charter establishing the Maryland colony. Queen Henrietta Maria was the daughter of Henry IV of France (1553-1610) and his second wife, Marie de Medici (1573-1642).
She also was the sister of Louis XIII (1601-1643) of France. Married to Charles I at sixteen, she had nine children, of whom three died in infancy. In 1644, in danger because of civil unrest, Henrietta Maria left England for France. Her husband was beheaded at Whitehall in London in 1649. Henrietta Maria died in 1669 at Colombes, near Paris.
After restoration of the monarchy in 1660, Henrietta Maria’s son, Charles II ruled Great Britain and Ireland from 1660 to 1685. Her son, James II ruled from 1685 to 1688. Henrietta Maria, Queen Consort of England, Studio of Anthony Van Dyck, 1632 (MSA SC 1545-1100).
Maryland Nicknames
What is the most important thing that happened in Maryland?
Find out what’s happening in Annapolis with free, real-time updates from Patch. – In Maryland, the site says The Toleration Act of 1649 was the single most significant event in the history of the Free State, which guaranteed religious freedom. Per 24/7 Wall St., “The colony of Maryland was settled in 1634 with the intention of expanding religious freedoms compared to England at the time.
- Anglicans and Catholics were often at odds, which made it a surprise when the charter for Maryland was given to a Catholic family from the Anglican King James.
- Maryland sealed its reputation as a haven for religious liberty when it passed the Toleration Act, which said that no one who “professes to believe in Jesus Christ, shall from henceforth be any way troubled, harassed or embarrassed for his or her religion.” That may seem restrictive by today’s standards, but it was a big step in the 17th century.
Tell Us: What local and state events were significant in the history of Maryland. Tell us what you think in the comments.
What state founded first?
1. Delaware – 1787: December 7 (Ratification date – one of the original U.S. colonies) Delaware is known as the First State because it was the first state to ratify, or sign, the United States Constitution.
| Capital | Dover |
| Area | 1,982 mi 2 (5,130 km 2 ) 49 th rank |
| Mean Elevation | 60 ft (20 m) Lowest in US |
| Highest Elevation | Near the Ebright Azimuth: 447.85 ft (136.50 m) |
| % of State Area that is water | 21.5 |
What was Maryland called before 1776?
| Province of Maryland | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1632–1776 | ||||||||
| Flag Coat of arms | ||||||||
| Map of the Province of Maryland | ||||||||
| Status | Colony of England (1632–1707) Colony of Great Britain (1707–1776) | |||||||
| Capital | St. Mary’s City (1632–1695) Annapolis (from 1695) | |||||||
| Common languages | English, Susquehannock, Nanticoke, Piscataway | |||||||
| Religion | Anglicanism ( de jure ), Roman Catholicism (de facto) | |||||||
| Government | Constitutional monarchy | |||||||
| Royally Chartered Proprietor | ||||||||
| • 1632–1675 | Lord Baltimore, 2nd | |||||||
| • 1751–1776 | Lord Baltimore, 6th | |||||||
| Proprietary Governor | ||||||||
| • 1634–1647 | Leonard Calvert | |||||||
| • 1769–1776 | Robert Eden | |||||||
| Legislature | Maryland General Assembly | |||||||
| History | ||||||||
| • Charter granted | 1632 | |||||||
| • Independence | July 4 1776 | |||||||
| Currency | Maryland pound | |||||||
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- Maryland
- Washington, D.C.
The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland, Its first settlement and capital was St.
- Mary’s City, in the southern end of St.
- Mary’s County, which is a peninsula in the Chesapeake Bay and is also bordered by four tidal rivers.
- The province began as a proprietary colony of the English Lord Baltimore, who wished to create a haven for English Catholics in the New World at the time of the European wars of religion,
Although Maryland was an early pioneer of religious toleration in the English colonies, religious strife among Anglicans, Puritans, Catholics, and Quakers was common in the early years, and Puritan rebels briefly seized control of the province. In 1689, the year following the Glorious Revolution, John Coode led a rebellion that removed Lord Baltimore, a Catholic, from power in Maryland.
Power in the colony was restored to the Baltimore family in 1715 when Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore, insisted in public that he was a Protestant, Despite early competition with the colony of Virginia to its south, and the Dutch colony of New Netherland to its north, the Province of Maryland developed along very similar lines to Virginia.
Its early settlements and population centers tended to cluster around the rivers and other waterways that empty into the Chesapeake Bay and, like Virginia, Maryland’s economy quickly became centered on the cultivation of tobacco, for sale in Europe.
- The need for cheap labor, and later with the mixed farming economy that developed when tobacco prices collapsed, led to a rapid expansion of indentured servitude, penal transportation, and forcible immigration and enslavement of Africans,
- Maryland received a larger felon quota than any other province.
The Province of Maryland was an active participant in the events leading up to the American Revolution, and echoed events in New England by establishing committees of correspondence and hosting its own tea party similar to the one that took place in Boston,
Why was the colony of Maryland established?
Maryland was meant to be a refuge for Catholics – Cecil Calvert became the second Baron Baltimore (Baltimore having been an English-controlled county in northern Ireland) after the death of his father, George Calvert in 1632. Both Calvert and his father were Catholic, the latter having previously resigned from his English political appointments for a plan to unite the English and Spanish thrones.
Before his death, George had asked the king to approve a charter for a colony in North America, which he did in 1632 (via Maryland.gov ). Responsibility for this new Province of Maryland fell to Cecil, who began soliciting volunteers to colonize the region. Calvert hoped that fellow Catholics would heed the call per his father’s intent, but in fact, many Protestant denominations such as Anglicans, Quakers, and Puritans did so as well (via ThoughtCo ).
In 1649, the Maryland Toleration Act was passed which secured equal treatment of Christians in Maryland, though other religions and the non-religious didn’t receive any protections. While officially a major step forward, this move toward equality was hampered by constant inter-faith conflict that especially grew violent during the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution.
What was the purpose of the Baltimore plantation?
To provide a settlement where English protestants could relocate to settle a large dept between the king of England and Lord Baltimore to reward England’s Catholic gentry for supporting Charles I
Why was Maryland known as a safe haven for Catholics?
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If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page. January 11, 2011,, Leave a comment Like many states, Maryland has a rich history. Maryland was founded in 1634 as the Maryland Colony and was founded by Lord Baltimore. The charter for Maryland does state it was originally founded in 1632, but the credit seems to lie in the 1634 year. Ã’šÃ‚ The main purpose for establishing Maryland, like many other areas at the time, was for a place of refuge and place where one could practice their religion in safety.
- At this time the Roman Catholics were still be persecuted and Lord Baltimore wanted to establish a safe haven for people of this devout religion.
- This was the primary purpose for establishing this colony.
- It gave people a safe place to live as well as place to practice their religion without the fear of being persecuted.
Religious freedom is something that we all take for granted today but back in these times, one did not have the freedoms that we have today. People where often killed for their religious beliefs and this was the sole purpose for founding and establishing Maryland.
Lord Baltimore became sick of seeing people die for their religious beliefs and had to do something about it. After the Act of Toleration was passed in 1649, Maryland became known as a safe haven for all Catholics. This act allowed and called for the toleration of all different sects of Christianity. Religious freedom became possible in Maryland and no matter what sect of Christianity one practiced, they were safe in Maryland.
So like many other early American colonies, the sole purpose for founding Maryland was to allow people to be safe, have a home, and be able to have religious freedom as well. Lord Baltimore changed many things in Maryland, and no wonder why there is city named after him.
Why did the first settlers come to North America?
railway fx/Shutterstock The earliest English settlers of North America arrived with a variety of different motives. Some wished to explore and seek out new wealth in lands unknown to them, while others wished to escape religious and/or political persecution by placing an ocean between themselves and their homeland.
The pilgrims who landed at Plymouth Rock are a popular example of this in the United States. While they had previously found religious tolerance in Holland, they also encountered intolerable poverty there before deciding that a trans-Atlantic voyage held better prospects. For later arrivals, such as many of England’s Catholics, the move to North America was a much more lateral one.
As England became increasingly Anglican, Catholics in the country faced constant discrimination. While King Charles I, a Scottish-born Catholic, did not execute or marginalize them as his English Tudor predecessors (save for Mary I) did, his occupation of the English throne did little to end the social divide.
